Early Photography: The Calotype.
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(7pp) The base of a calotype negative, rather than the glass or film to which we have become accustomed, was high quality writing paper. The sheet of paper was carefully selected to have a smooth and uniform texture and, wherever possible, to avoid the watermark. It was offered as the chief alternative to the Daguerreotype and was more popular with amateur photographers, artists, and scientists, who used it widely, since the negative could be corrected with pencil. Bibliography lists 5 sources. - 2 visuals.
Filename: BBclotpR.doc

Edward Steichen
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A 4 page paper which examines the life and work of photographer Edward Steichen. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAstei.rtf

Eugene Smith: The Photojournalist and a Critique of His Work
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A 5 page discussion of the work of Eugene Smith, the photojournalist who career spanned the years of World War II through the 1970s. Provides an overview of Smith's work and details his intent and accomplishments. Emphasizes his war time work and describes "Marines Under Fire", a photograph taken in Saipan in 1943. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPmarine.wps

Examples of Paintings, Photography and Modern Video Art in Regards to Societal Awareness and Sensitivity
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This is an 8 page paper discussing the transition of paintings, photography and modern video art in regards to societal awareness, change and post-colonial views. In the last two centuries, art has been used in different ways to portray societal expectations and norms and the acceptance or denial of art has led the way to societal change. The paintings of William Bouguereau depict perfection in regards to heavenly and pure images of women, children and mythological creatures. Bouguereau used his work to escape the societal realities and portray images which he believed people wanted to see and taught methods in art he believed that artists wanted to learn. Unfortunately, Bouguereau maintained his traditional and classic styles during the evolution of Modernist and Impressionist painters and his paintings were considered unrealistic. French colonists used photography in Africa in the mid 19th century as a way of depicting “realistic” images they believed people wanted to see of tribal Africa. However, despite the perception that photography was “realistic”, the images portrayed of Africans were those which were stereotypical portrayals of Africans as “savages” “needing” to be civilized by Imperialism; a concept accepted by European society. Lastly, modern video artists such as Montreal’s Nelson Henricks raise social awareness and self-identity by questioning societal norms, and viewers and critics of Henricks’ work feel the need to step back and examine conventional views. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TJptpht1.rtf